The critical minerals sector is extracting, processing and manufacturing at pace, but it is not yet closing the loop. Materials are lost at every stage of the value chain, from mine waste left in tailings to end-of-life batteries that never re-enter supply. The cost of that leakage is rising, both in terms of resource inefficiency and the growing gap between recycling commitments and recycling reality. This session asks what it concretely takes to build a circular system across the full value chain, from the mine to the battery pack and back again.

